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A |     同治六年六月二十日，即公历1867年7月21日，时任两江总督的曾国藩与幕僚赵烈文聊天时忧心忡忡地说道：                    “京中来人云：都门气象甚恶，明火执仗之案时出，而市肆乞丐成群，甚至妇女亦祼身无袴。民穷财尽，恐有异变，奈何？”                    对于老牌发达国家法国来说，“民穷财尽”当然不至于，但“明火执仗之案时出”却也为其敲响了警钟。                   当地时间10月19日，一群窃贼光天化日之下进入卢浮宫，7分钟时间内盗走9件珍贵藏品。                   法国内政部长表示，有3或4名窃贼利用搬运家具的电动升降梯闯入卢浮宫的阿波罗展厅，拿着圆盘切割机用几乎是明抢的方式大肆劫掠文物。                   其中一件是拿破仑三世皇后的后冠，窃贼在逃跑时掉落，导致该王冠部分毁损，卢浮宫证实已寻回该件藏品。                   颇为有趣的一个细节是，窃贼曾经跟保安打过照面，保安非但没有将其制服，反而遵从窃贼要求将参观人员疏散（事后表示是在窃贼“威胁下”疏散现场）。                   整个事件中无人受伤，用法国官员的话说叫“没有暴力，非常专业”。                   这不是法国博物馆第一次遭盗窃/抢劫了，就在上个月，法国杜布歇博物馆被偷走价值1100万美元的三件中国瓷器；2024年11月，巴黎科涅克-杰博物馆七件重要藏品被盗，其中五件被找回；同月，持枪歹徒突袭了位于勃艮第的希隆博物馆，盗走价值数百万英镑的艺术品……                    要知道这些博物馆都拥有强大的安保团队，可他们面对抢劫犯时并没有发挥什么作用，真是应了一句经典电影台词：                    一条街道的干净与否，背后往往牵扯到政府财力和管理水平。    Editor's Note: 
In an era of profound global shifts and increasingly complex regional dynamics, a proper understanding of the world must be rooted in "grounded experience" and localized insights. Global Times English edition, in collaboration with the Academy of International and Regional Communication Studies, Communication University of China, is proud to launch "Local Insights," an English-language column dedicated to original, field-based observations.
We invite Chinese scholars and professionals who are studying, conducting exchanges, or working outside China, as well as international students and friends living and studying in China who are familiar with the social contexts of their home countries or third countries, to begin from first-hand field experience and engage with social, cultural, and contemporary issues beyond China. The fourth article in this column, through the author's on-site experience, unpacks Singapore's distinctive national identity via its deliberate independence, structured multicultural integration policies and forward-looking urban and digital development plans.
For many years, Singapore has been a favored destination for tourists and a highly sought-after place for education and employment. But when we talk about Singapore, what exactly do we mean? Is it the cityscape dominated by the Merlion and Marina Bay Sands? Is it a global standard for effective governance and economic success? Or is it a nation with a Chinese majority that is nonetheless founded on the principles of multiracial, multireligious, and multicultural nation-building?
In late May, as part of a media delegation from China invited by Singapore's Ministry of Digital Development and Information (MDDI), I had the opportunity to explore the country in depth. Following a narrative journey through the past, the present, and the future, I discovered a Singapore far more complex than its well-known global image suggests.
    

    The view of Singapore Photo: VCG
The birth of a nation: A deliberate choice
To truly understand Singapore, one must first understand its origins. For a long time, the prevailing story portrayed Singapore's independence on August 9, 1965 as a sudden break - Lee Kuan Yew's emotional announcement of separation from Malaysia, often seen as a forced expulsion. However, materials displayed at the National Library Board and MDDI's The Albatross File exhibition provide a more intricate picture.
The exhibition, which makes confidential documents from founding leaders like Goh Keng Swee and oral histories from Lee Kuan Yew and Kwa Geok Choo available, reveals a strategic, negotiated process behind the separation. These documents suggest that both parties - Singapore and Malaysia - increasingly recognized that given the circumstances, long-term stability was unattainable. Independence then emerged as a deliberate political choice, the result of calculated negotiations and a growing belief that a new nation based on equality beyond ethnicity was the only viable path forward.
The significance of The Albatross File lies not only in the historical details it unveils but in the shift in narrative from "forced survival" to "chosen destiny." The exhibition itself is equally revealing. Historical documents, immersive installations, AI-enabled experiences, and digital interfaces allow visitors not just to observe history, but to question and participate in its interpretation.
Leaving the exhibition, I gained more than just a deeper understanding of Singapore's founding; I became aware of how Singapore actively constructs its own historical narrative. In this young nation, history is about both the past and the shaping of future generations' understanding of what "Singapore" means.
         China media delegation and officials from Singapore's Ministry of Digital Development and Information pose for a photo in Singapore. Photo: Courtesy of Wang XiaofangCreating 'Singaporeans' in a multicultural society

While the archive tells the story of Singapore's birth, the city itself shows how a society of diverse ethnicities, languages, religions, and immigrant backgrounds has been transformed into a shared national identity.
Walking through Telok Ayer, Little India, and Kampong Glam, one experiences the reality of a society molded by Chinese, Malay, Indian, and global migrant communities. Temples, mosques, and churches stand close to each other. Thian Hock Keng, Al-Abrar Mosque, Nagore Dargah, and Christian churches coexist as part of a long-standing arrangement of pluralism.
This is not passive coexistence but a carefully cultivated social order shaped by decades of governance and policy design.
In 1991, Singapore's Parliament issued the Shared Values White Paper, outlining five core principles: Nation before community and society above self; Family as the basic unit of society; Regard and community support for the individual; Consensus instead of contention; Racial and religious harmony. In a young nation without a single dominant ethnicity, religion, or shared historical tradition, this value system serves as an ideological anchor that transcends differences.
At the Harmony in Diversity Gallery, key concepts like "mutual respect," "mutual understanding," and "finding common ground" are consistently highlighted. From "Many Faiths, One People" to "We, the Citizens of Singapore," the narrative repeatedly circles back to a central idea: Differences may persist, but a shared community must be maintained.
This idea of collective identity takes on another dimension at the SingapoREN exhibition at the Singapore Chinese Cultural Centre. Rather than focusing solely on preserving Chinese cultural heritage, the exhibition follows the transformation of migrants from temporary residents to citizens - from those who once saw themselves as transient to those who now fully identify as Singaporeans. It's not just a story of cultural preservation but one of identity transformation.
Perhaps the most tangible mechanism sustaining this multicultural cohesion is Singapore's public housing system, planned and developed by the Housing & Development Board (HDB). The apartments built by HDB are home to close to 80 percent of Singapore's resident population, of whom about 90 percent own their home. To promote racial integration and harmony, HDB introduced the Ethnic Integration Policy in 1989, which sets limits on the proportion of households from each ethnic group in housing blocks and neighborhoods to ensure a balanced mix of various ethnic communities in HDB towns. 
Across HDB towns, public housing projects continue to evolve in response to demographic shifts and the rising aspirations of residents.
For example, Harmony Village @ Bukit Batok is an assisted living resident community jointly developed by HDB, Singapore's Ministry of National Development and Ministry of Health to expand the continuum of public housing options for seniors. Known as community care apartments, Harmony Village @ Bukit Batok is Singapore's first public housing development that integrates senior-friendly housing with care services that can be scaled according to care needs, as well as social activities to support seniors to live independently within the community.
Meanwhile, Punggol Point Cove is a public housing project situated along the shoreline of Singapore's north-eastern coastline. This waterfront development features wave-like architecture inspired by its location and the town of Punggol's heritage as a fishing village. Residents enjoy panoramic sea views and easy access to Punggol Promenade. It is also located near the Punggol Digital District, Singapore's first smart business district, where residents can benefit from job opportunities and new amenities near their home. Hawker centers further embody multiculturalism in everyday life. Dietary restrictions shaped by religion are managed through regulated food environments, allowing people of different ethnicities and income levels to share the same dining spaces. Whether it's Hainanese chicken rice, Indian roti prata, Malay nasi lemak, or Teochew fish ball noodles, cultural diversity is transformed from an abstract concept into daily practice.
Through shared space, shared consumption, and shared routines, Singaporeans, despite their varied ancestries, languages, and beliefs, become woven into a single social fabric. It is within this daily negotiation of differences that a true sense of national community emerges.
         Nagore Dargah, a historic Indian Muslim shrine, on Telok Ayer Street, Singapore Photo: Courtesy of Wang Xiaofang
The future is already here: from planning to execution
At Gardens by the Bay, many visitors see a picturesque landmark. For Singapore, however, it is a model for future urbanism. Built on reclaimed land, the Gardens showcase how ecological design and engineering innovation can create a functioning ecosystem within an urban environment to support diverse flora and fauna. It reflects a belief that even within environmental constraints, human design can create new ecological possibilities.
If Gardens by the Bay represents the future of human-nature relationships, the Punggol Digital District embodies Singapore's vision for the future economy and society. As the country's first integrated smart district, it brings together industries of cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and robotics within a unified urban space. The Singapore Institute of Technology is directly embedded within the district, ensuring that research outcomes translate into real-world urban solutions rather than remaining confined to academic publication.
The district's Open Digital Platform (ODP) aggregates data from more than 20,000 sensors in the district and connects various systems in real time, enabling deep integration among data systems, algorithms, and physical urban space.
This forward-thinking approach extends to national digital governance. In 2026, Singapore set out 10 refreshed priorities for the next round of AI development, including boosting AI transformation across strategic sectors, and nurturing 100,000 AI bilingual talents with domain expertise and AI capabilities who can apply AI meaningfully in their domains.
At the same time, the country actively tackles emerging risks such as deepfakes and cyberbullying, through a mix of legislation, platform accountability, digital literacy education, and community coordination.
From the existential survival concerns of its early years of independence to contemporary challenges like AI disruption and climate change, Singapore consistently demonstrates a strong focus on the future. It anticipates risks early, designs policies preemptively, and seeks solutions before crises fully emerge.
Looking back on this journey, the question I began with now has a different answer.
Singapore is more than an economic success story or a model of efficient governance. It is a nation born of political choice, held together by institutions that cultivate inclusion across diversity, and sustained by a continual capacity to adapt and reinvent itself.
Perhaps this is what we mean when we talk about Singapore.
The author is a PhD candidate in International Communication, and research fellow at the Academy of International and Regional Communication Studies, Communication University of China

。                   干净整洁的街道意味着所在辖区居民素质高、治安良好、政府财力和治理能力到位；反之，假如垃圾满地、到处污渍，则大概率是个穷区，连环卫工人的薪水都发不起。                   同样的道理，偷盗抢劫频发绝不是一件小事，它可以被视为社会礼崩乐坏的前兆。

B |                    倘若不能果断制止，将盗贼绳之以法，会形成某种意义上的正面激励，导致越来越多的人铤而走险。

C |                    现在法国就面临这样的难题。                   过去一个多月的法国政局，用“鸡飞狗跳”来形容一点也不为过。                   先是前总理贝鲁为了给2026年预算案争取支持，9月8日主动在国会发起政府信任案投票，结果失败并黯然辞职。                   紧接着前国防部长勒科尔尼被马克龙总统任命为总理，他刚于10月5日晚公布新一届内阁名单，次日便在左翼社会党和右翼共和党的群起攻击下宣告辞职。                   令人哭笑不得的是，勒科尔尼随后又在马克龙的极力挽留下“二进宫”，再度被委派组建政府——法国总理已经到了无人可用、无人愿意干的地步。                   10月14日，勒科尔尼在国会发表政策演说，向社会党做出多项重大让步，包括暂停执行养老金改革直到下一届总统选举、向富裕人群加税等。

D |                    众所周知，2023年发起的养老金改革是马克龙第二任期的标志性政策，结果闹出了全国大罢工。                   马克龙作为总统难道不知道“养老金”是红线议题吗？之所以硬推，自然是财政实在没办法支撑了。                   法国的公共债务规模高达GDP的113%，较欧元区均值高出25个百分点；政府财政赤字达GDP的5.8%，是欧盟均值的近两倍。                   欧洲经济学家普遍认为，法国债务问题已到了差于希腊、葡萄牙和西班牙的程度，欧盟从未如此接近又一场主权债务危机，而这次危机若在欧盟第二大经济体法国爆发，整个欧洲经济都会受到重创。                   实际上，目前各国政府都在玩“借债还债”的无限循环游戏，就看谁的“信心”更足，比如美国人搞出了AI概念，大家对美债的信心就会随之上升。                   而一旦市场信心崩塌，“借债还债”游戏就会中断——马克龙已经嗅到了危机，这才不得不硬着头皮削减支出，只是搞砸了罢了。                   法国是一个对青年人非常不友好的国家，在财政政策和法律层面倾向于保护已经累积财富的中老年人，同时严重限制劳动者和企业家通过工作、创业、置业和投资致富的机会。                   在政府支出端，养老金已占到公共开支接近三成，成为压低劳动者收入最大的重担。                   老年护理和老年慢性疾病相关的医疗开支不断加速上涨，国防、交通、基建、住房、教育、科研等开支则因此受到挤兑。                   简单来说，法国国家机器深度介入了经济，其实际效果是以牺牲当下劳动者和未来世代的利益为代价，尽可能维持老年人的优厚待遇。                   统计数据显示，法国是全世界唯一一个老年人（65岁及以上）人均收入高于劳动年龄人口（18岁～64岁）的国家，老年人贫困率在发达国家中垫底，而20%的未成年人和16%的18岁～29岁人口生活在贫困线以下。                   经济模式偏向老年人是发达经济体的普遍现象，但在法国最为极端，在老龄化的背景下，老年选民的比重越来越高，使得削减其利益变得愈发困难。                   这种世代与政策矛盾导致法国政治异常分裂，选民在左翼、中间派、右派、极右翼几大阵营间均衡分布，与议会“三分天下”的格局基本相应，政治正变得碎片化。

E |                    至少在短期内，诉诸选票箱已不能扭转法国的命运，投票渐渐成为政客把做决定的责任推卸到选民手中的一种仪式性工具。                   马克龙接手的法兰西是一个不折不扣的烂摊子，不仅经济发展停滞，而且内部矛盾愈演愈烈。                   作为拿破仑以来最年轻的法国元首，雄心勃勃的马克龙曾推出一系列改革措施，但全部以抗议、瘫痪、暂停而告终。

F |                    现如今马克龙似乎已经厌倦了处理内政，开始把剩余任期的精力放到加沙、乌克兰等外交议题上，天天在国外飞来飞去，成为“最爱出差的总统”。

G |                    本文来自微信公众号：江宁知府，作者：印闲生。

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